Programming & Ecommerce
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eCommerce Administrative Features
Managing your business can be time consuming, but with the right tools and features, this type of Application will save you time and frustration.
Many applications place a limit on the number of products you can sell, so look for an eCommerce solution that offers plenty of inventory space. Look for Application that allows you to sell both physical and downloadable goods. You also want a product that allows you to create a wide variety of custom reports.
In addition, having a shopping cart that offers a wide variety of payment options will help you satisfy your customers. PayPal, eChecks and credit cards are just a few of the popular types of online payments that you will want to ensure the eCommerce application you choose supports.
When we start development process, we keep it in mind and use best idea to provide a full featured administrative area.
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eCommerce Affiliate Programs
Affiliate Partner Research/Recruitment, Affiliate Program Marketing to Webmaster communities and Affiliate Community Management via periodic newsletters and on-going Affiliate Monitoring to ensure greater accountability in the program.
We support individual high-performing online-affiliate-programs via custom micro site design (charged on a per-project basis).
We can add an exciting new dimension to your online-affiliate-programs. Imagine creating a set of web pages promoting your product that integrates seamlessly with a chosen partner site's 'look and feel’ we place a banner ad, small graphic or ordinary text which links from your site or newsletter to the vendor.
If someone clicks on the link and buys a product or service from your Web Site, you pay a commission. This preserves the integrity of the user experience on your partner site…and allows the site's regular user community to continue shopping in a familiar atmosphere of trust.
It's a measure that is likely to earn a higher response from the audience in the process.
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eCommerce Application
When choosing the best eCommerce Application, you need an application that will get the job done right. Everyone’s business is different, so you need to find a product that has the tools and features you need to create, manage, secure and advertise your business easily.
By choosing the our eCommerce application, you can get your online business up and running in no time. Our application will eliminate the hassle and the frustration of the complex process of setting up and running an online store, and will give you the tools you need to make your online business a success.
The best eCommerce solution offers tools that provide assistance with hosting, website design and SEO integration. We looked for applications that encompass all aspects of creating and maintaining your website. eCommerce companies that offer large amounts of online storage space and bandwidth are ideal. Also, if you are unfamiliar or not completely comfortable with HTML, you can find an eCommerce Application solution that offers a large number of website design templates and customization tools to ensure that the design of your website is unique to your business.
Our design and develop methods and procedures that simplify and expedite important aspects of your business operation
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B2B Ecommerce
Grow Your Business-to-Business (B2B) eCommerce Channel While Streamlining Your Business Processes
NetLink's B2B eCommerce solution provides all the tools you need to run a successful eCommerce channel. With capabilities that include a full-featured web store, online registration forms and customizable website building and hosting, NetLink will help you grow and manage your online business across multiple sales channels, websites and international regions. NetLink provides the customer-specific process, product, pricing, invoicing and billing capabilities needed for the complex world of B2B transactions and relationships.
NetLink helps you manage both new business and ongoing relationships across multiple channels, including webstores, in-house sales, retail distributors, brick-and-mortar stores, and channel partners. You can even publish separate B2B and B2C website with its own pricing, content, promotions and purchase rules.
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eCommerce Product Catalog
We develop complete electronic catalog displays unlimited number of products, categories, brands, options and more…. NetLink eCommerce solution includes an online catalog that can display a wealth of media rich product information for your customers and your SEO needs.
Basic Idea Should Use:
• Unlimited number of products
• Up-sell products by displaying substitute products in product page
• Cross-sell products by displaying product accessories in product page
• Let your customer personalize his product selection with multiple product options
• Create an unlimited number of online catalogs
• Assign multiple online catalogs to multiple customers
• Add different product numbers to the same product: supplier (VPC), customer, bar code, ISBN, third party
• Enter product dimensions (for integrated shipping rate service) in product record or product category
• Import categories and product records with quantity and prices if not integrated
• Organize online catalog by category and/or brand
• Create a detailed product category structure with an unlimited number of category levels (departments)
• Use brand recognition by adding the brand logo to the product record
• Add an image to a category
• Define the size of the category and brand image
• Add descriptions to brands and categories (top of page, bottom of page, in left menu)
• Assign products to an unlimited number of sub-categories
• Detailed multimedia, multilingual descriptions
• Include formatted text, video, images, file downloads and more
• Create, personalize, update and maintain your multimedia descriptions with the Integrated WYSIWYG Editor
• No HTML, graphic design or programming knowledge required
• Product image sizes (thumbnail, small, medium and large) can be customized
• Create a slide show in the product page with multiple product pictures
• Automatic image resizing for best resolution: size ratio
• Batch import product images
• Separate product information in different tabs in the product record
• Multiple display options for brand, category and sub-category catalog pages
• Customize product display order in a sub-category
• Customize sub-category display order in a parent category
• Offer multiple sorts in the search result page
• Display or hide products not in stock or without a price
• Enter minimum sales quantities
• Multi-currency product prices
• Automatically display product price in customer's currency by detecting customer's country IP (GeoIP)
• Volume prices, discount or cost plus prices
• Promotional prices applied over pre-determined period
• Customer specific prices
• Display retail price and discounted customer price
• Display real quantities, fixed quantities or generic message
• Subtract ordered (reserved) quantities from displayed available quantities
• Drop-ship product support with email notification to vendors
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eCommerce Concept
Enabling your business in an e-commerce solution requires a solid concept using established methods following a logical development life cycle.
• Explain to us your exact business requirements and let us create Business Specifications by defining processes and rules
• These Specifications will be mapped to function - and data - models
• These models will be implemented through Script programming and Database creation
• All components will be functional tested and afterwards integrated into your web page
• The complete page will be integrated and acceptance tested
• Finally your business goes live by installing your new page on our or your provider's server
Required to determine the feasibility of whether the project should proceed or not.
Produces a high level overview document of the project which relates to the project requirements and scope.
Defines what, when, who, and how the project will be carried out. This phase expands on the high-level project outline and provides a specific and detailed project definition. A project development is team chosen and a Project Manager appointed.
Required to understand and document the user's needs for the system. Documents in detail the scope, business objectives and requirements of the system. Emphasizes what the system is to do
Describes how the proposed system is to be built. The design is specific to the technical requirements the system will be required to operate on and the tools used in building the system. Impacts the build and implementation phases of application. Describes movement of data between operational databases and the data warehouse.
Deals with the development, unit testing and integration testing of the system modules, screens and reports and data replication to the data warehouse if required. Carried out in parallel with the development of user procedures and user documentation from the implementation phase.
Prepare for and carry out the implementation of the developed system through user acceptance testing to full production and warehouse population.
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eCommerce Customer Portal
Customer self-service is now the channel of choice for today's customers. They expect a customer self-service portal that provides a convenient way to post service issues, place new orders, or view their order histories.
A customer portal lets you stay open for business 24/7 around the world and delivers a high-quality, high-touch experience for customers while reducing the cost of customer care.
With NetLink CRM customer portal, you provide your customers with highly personalized, interactive service on the Web. Your customers will be able to receive answers to their questions, complete transactions, submit support issues, or query your knowledge base. And with an open line of communication and a range of self-service options, you'll boost customer satisfaction as well as long-term retention—both of which translate into greater profits.
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eCommerce Effective SEO methods
When we develop an eCommerce site, considering SEO and online marketing is as important as what you develop as the end product. Normally, People who wants to develop an eCommerce site for get to plan for making the site ready for SEO during the development, But making a plan for SEO readiness is as importent as developing the eCommerce site functions.
Unlike content sites driveing traffic to ecommerce sites which are database driven and quite often the products might be changingand hence may not get a good place in the search results. But the good news is an eCommerce site can be optimized the same way as a content site by adding related keywords. By identifying some of the key issues in a dynamic site that keeps the site away from Search results, we bring the eCommerce site also in better positions in the search result pages.
The first is to create a front-end site separate from the shopping cart. You will create a number of pages that can be easily spidered (assuming that they’re well organized and optimised for Search engines). The drawback to this course of action is that your website will forever be limited to the size of the front-end site, managing such sites with large number of products would be painful.
SEO-friendly shopping cart system is far easier said than done. There are many factors that have to be taken into account including the spider ability of the pages themselves, the customization capacity of the individual pages, the ease of adding products and changing the pages down the road, etc.
We also care for Dynamic Title & Meta Tags, Logo and Image alt tags, Header tags, SEO friendly URL and much more…
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eCommerce Help Center Integration
Questions and concerns will likely arise while you're running an online business. The best manufacturers provide several options for reaching a customer representative, such as telephone, email and live chat. The manufacturer should also provide a variety of additional resources, such as extensive FAQs, user guides, a knowledgebase and even a support forum.
We integrate help and support center for eCommerce website. It is good idea to manage customer quarry and solve the issue.
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eCommerce Marketing Budget
After you have identified your market demographic, fixed your goals and decided on a promotional strategy for reaching potential customers, the next step is to figure out how to maximize your budget and get the job done without over spending. Even though the exact process will vary from business to business, the principle remains the same.
You want to expose your product or service, as often as possible, to consumers who will derive the most benefit from it. Studies show that the average consumer will see a promotion about five to seven times before taking action on the offer.
So instead of blowing your budget on a single opportunity to reach your select group, it is much wiser to get everyone's attention with repeated promotions. Use as many different forms of advertising as you can afford and squeeze the most out of your marketing dollars.
Website Analytics to track your website visitors and search engine traffic and sales in real-time. Watch each visitor as they arrive at your website and navigate your site and learn ways to improve your online business. Using both your general website statistics and traffic will be the key to understanding how your online business works and ways you can increase traffic.
We received promotional offer from different provider also use own promotional plan that can help your business grow day by day.
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eCommerce Marketing Tools
Your website will do you no good if customers can’t find your store online. Many of the best eCommerce solutions offer marketing tools to attract customers and keep them coming back for more.
Many of the popular marketing tools to look for include coupons, gift-wrap capabilities, daily deals and loyalty programs. Also, affiliate programs and strong social networking tools are advantages that many of the best eCommerce solutions boast.
Analytics, Email Blasting, Ads Sharing, Link Sharing, Social Sharing and other Express Marketing Tools We use to get best marketing performance.
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Order & Billing Management
A best-in-class order management process results in a faster path to recognized revenue, improved operational efficiencies, and higher customer satisfaction and renewals.
NetLink fast-tracks your order-to-cash process, by eliminating manual bottlenecks and errors and establishing a smooth flow from sales quote to approved order, successful order to fulfillment, and timely invoicing to payment. NetLink's order and billing management capabilities integrate your sales, finance and fulfillment teams—improving quote accuracy, eliminating billing errors, strengthening revenue recognition processes and driving fulfillment accuracy and efficiency.
Flexible billing management adapts to your billing needs and market demands, and improves cash flow.
Give your organization, from sales and service reps and finance managers to fulfillment specialists and executives, role-based real-time visibility into orders and invoice aging, as well as detailed order status and history—allowing them to identify issues, reduce turnaround times and resolve customer queries with unprecedented speed.
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eCommerce Virtual Assistant
This is an opportunity to outsource various redundant tasks to someone who is capable, reliable and trustworthy. The big advantage to you is you'll have more time to devote to activities that generate income and help you grow your business.
A virtual assistant works from his or her office as an independent contractor and is responsible for whatever administrative or operational responsibilities you assign. Compensation can be agreed upon at an hourly rate, per assignment or by retainer.
If you are not yet at the stage where you can afford to pay a virtual assistant, you can consider a suitable barter arrangement with a subscriber or a customer. You can also ask a family member or a friend for help. You can't do it all yourself and you shouldn't even consider that option for the long-term.
NetLink provides expert service to off load your work burden. Whether it's updating website products and content, managing and/or providing your marketing and advertising campaigns, or just providing consultation to your business; we provides service second to none in both expertise and affordability.
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Website Development Issues
Developing a website is like building a house. To bring a web project to a successful conclusion (not the best word since website building is a task without formal end) one must start by asking the right questions. A home builder or architect might ask if you plan to build a primary home? What is the size of your family? Your lifestyle? Your space requirements? Your budget? A web developer should ask:
What is the goal of the site?
Obvious on the surface - but you'd be surprised how many projects are launched without goals being adequately defined. Simply put, you need to spell out your objectives. Are we going to be selling a product online (an ecommerce website)? Are we instead selling a service? Is the website going to serve in a sales support capacity – a place you can send pre-identified prospects to? Is its primary objective to improve customer service or support? In all probability, your website will have multiple objectives, which should be listed in order of priority.
How does the website fit within your overall business activities?
If your site is going to generate leads or sales, how important is it as a source of same given your other marketing/sales activities? If you have a traditional retail business, how will the website work together with your shop (inventory, shipping, advertising, etc.)? If you have a service business, how will the site augment your current efforts and what portion of leads over time do you expect to come from your online marketing efforts?
What is your overall Internet budget?
While we know how difficult this is to talk about to a vendor, much less a prospective vendor (so if you can't, at least have this conversation with yourself), it's critical nonetheless. Remember to include your longer term marketing and operating costs in your budget. To be successful today you will invariably spend more time and money promoting, changing and servicing the site than you will on building it in the first place. If budgets are limited (which they should be, even if you are loaded) promotion and operations should get more of your budget than development.
NetLink beside of you to fulfill your complete requirement within cost competitive financial budget.
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Compiled Programming
These programming languages make use of a compiler for the execution of code. Compilers can translate source code into machine code and thus bring out the implementation of the programming language instructions.
Ada
It is a statically typed, structured, imperative programming language that is based on Pascal. A team of CII Honeywell Bull that was led by Jean Ichbiah developed Ada. The Ada compilers are validated for mission-critical systems. Ada is an internationally standardized computer programming language.
ALGOL
Algorithmic Language, as it is called, is actually a family of imperative programming languages that was developed in the middle 1950s. It proved instrumental in the creation of programming languages like BCPL, B and C. Simula, representing Simula I and Simula 67 is a superset of Algol 60. Ole-Johan Dahl and Kristen Nygaard of the Norwegian Computing Center in Oslo were the brains behind Simula.
C
Dennis Ritchie at the Bell Telephone Laboratories developed C to be used on the Unix platform. It is a general purpose, cross-platform, procedural, imperative programming language. It is used for implementing system software and application software and is one of the most-used computer programming languages of today. The development of C++ and C# was influenced by C.
C++
It consists of a combination of high-level and low-level language features and is hence considered as a middle-level programming language. Bjarne Stroustrup of Bell Labs developed C++ as an extension of the C language. Originally known as 'C with Classes', it came to be known as C++ from 1983. It is a multi-paradigm language that supports procedural programming, generic programming, object-oriented programming and data abstraction.
C#
C Sharp is a multi-paradigm programming language that supports imperative, generic and object-oriented programming. It is a part of the Microsoft .NET Framework. It is similar to C++ in its object-oriented syntax and is also influenced by Java and Delphi. Polyphonic C# extends C#. MC# is an extension of Polyphonic C# that can work on the .NET platform. C-omega is an extension to C# that succeeded Polyphonic C#. It enables access to data stores and includes constructs that support concurrent programming.
CLEO
It is known as the Clear Language for Expressing Orders and is a computer language for the LEO computer.
COBOL
The name stands for Common Business-Oriented Language that is designed for the business and finance domain. COBOL 2002 standard supports object-oriented programming. It is one of the very old programming languages that are still in use.
Cobra
It is an object-oriented programming language that runs on .NET and Mono frameworks. Chuck Esterbrook developed it. Its design is influenced by languages like Python and C#. It supports static and dynamic typing and is suited for unit tests. Today, it is an open source project.
D
Originally designed as an enhancement of C++, it is also influenced by Java, Eiffel and C#. It is an object-oriented, imperative, multi-paradigm system programming language developed by Walter Bright of Digital Mars.
DASL
Acronym of Distributed Application Specification Language, it is a high-level, strongly typed programming language that was developed at the Sun Microsystems. It was created with an intent to be used for developing web applications.
DIBOL
Acronym of Digital Interactive Business Oriented Language, DIBOL is a general purpose procedural imperative programming language. It is fairly similar to COBOL as is best suited for the development of Management Information Systems.
Fortran
It is a procedural, imperative, general purpose computer programming language that works well for scientific computations and numeric operations. After IBM developed it in the 1950s, it soon gained popularity in programming. It is very popular in the field of high-performance computing. It is a structured and compiled programming language that is a subset of Fortran95. Fortran 2003, a revised version of Fortran supports object-oriented programming.
Java
Sun Microsystems developed Java and released it in 1995 as a part of the Java platform. Java applications are compiled to bytecode, which can run on any virtual machine, thus making Java programs platform-independent. It is very popular language of the modern times. Groovy is an object-oriented programming language for the Java platform. It is a dynamic programming language, which can also be used as a scripting language. Join Java is a programming language that extends Java by adding join methods, asynchronous methods and order class modifiers to Java. X10 is a computer programming language developed by IBM that supports parallel programming, arrays and concurrency. It is seen as an extended subset of Java.
JOVIAL
It is a high-order computer programming language similar to ALGOL. It is best suited to the design and development of embedded systems.
Objective-C
It is a reflective object-oriented programming language that adds messaging services to C.
SMALLThe name stands for Small Machine Algol-like Language. It provides the programmers with abilities to write an ALGOL-like code that can be run on small machines.
Smalltalk
It is a reflective, object-oriented programming language that supports dynamic typing. Alan Kay, Adele Goldberg, Dan Ingalls, Scott Wallace, Ted Kaehler and their associates at Xerox PARC developed Smalltalk. They designed it for educational use and it soon became popular. VisualWorks is a prominent implementation of Smalltalk. Squeak is a programming language that is in the form of an implementation of Smalltalk. Scratch is a visual programming language based on Squeak.
Turing
It was developed by Ric Holt and James Cordy of the University of Toronto, Canada, in 1982. It was named in honor of the British computer scientist, Alan Turing. This Pascal-like language is a freeware since 2007.
Visual Basic
It is an event-driven programming language that is packaged with an integrated development environment. It inherits many of its features from BASIC. Its graphical development features make it easy for beginners to learn VB.
Visual FoxPro
It is an object-oriented and procedural programming language derived from FoxPro. It is integrated with a relational database system of its own and does not require an additional programming environment. It supports dynamic programming.
XL
It is created with an intent to support concept programming, a programming paradigm that focuses on how concepts residing in a programmer's mind can be transformed into code constructs. Programmers can reconfigure XL's syntax and semantics.
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Concurrent Programming
The concurrent execution of multiple tasks is known as concurrent programming. It is implemented by the means of processes or threads spawned by a single program. Communication between the concurrent components of a program occurs either by means of shared memory or through message passing mechanism. Java, Ada and Erlang are some of the well-known concurrent programming languages. Concurrency is achieved in Java by means of shared memory and concurrency-based monitors. Here is a list of the other concurrent programming languages.
ABCL
It is actually a family of Actor-Based Concurrent Languages, which was developed in Japan during the 1980s and the 1990s. ABCL/1, ABCL/R, ABCL/R2 are some of the members of the ABCL family.
Afnix
It is a multi-threaded functional programming language. Its interpreter is written in C++. Its runtime engine supports both 32 and 64 bit platforms.
Cilk
Created at the MIT Laboratory in 1994, Cilk supports multithreaded parallel programming.
Concurrent Pascal
Per Brinch Hansen, a Danish-American computer scientist created Concurrent Pascal for writing operating systems and programming real-time systems.
E
It is an object-oriented programming language that supports distributed programming. Mark Miller, Dan Bornstein and associates at the Electric Communities developed E in 1997. Its syntax resembles that of Java.
Joule
Joule is a concurrent dataflow programming language that preceded the E programming language. It is used for distributed applications.
Limbo
Developed at the Bell Labs, Limbo is used for programming distributed systems. Its striking feature is its compiler's ability to generate architecture-independent object code. Limbo is used for applications running on Inferno operating system. Alex that was initially a part of the Plan 9 operating system is the predecessor of Limbo.
Pict
It is a statically typed programming language, which is in the experimental stage today.
SALSA
Short for Simple Actor Language System and Architecture, SALSA supports concurrent programming, message passing and distributed computing. It uses Java code for portability.
SR
Acronym of Synchronizing Resources, SR is a concurrent programming language.
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Functional Programming
These languages define every computation as a mathematical evaluation. They focus on the application of functions. Many of the functional programming languages are bound to mathematical calculations.
Charity
It is a purely functional, not-Turing-complete language, which means that all its programs are guaranteed to terminate. Charity was designed at the University of Calgary, a public University in Canada.
Clean
It is a purely functional programming language that supports portability across platforms, automatic garbage collection, multiple data structures and referential transparency, which means that a function with a given input will always give the same output.
Curry
It is a functional logic programming language that implements functional and logic programming as well as constraint programming, wherein the relationships between variables are stated in the form of constraints.
Erlang
It is a concurrent programming language that includes a sequential subset, which supports functional programming. Ericsson developed Erlang as a distributed soft real-time and fault-tolerant language and released it as an open source computer programming language in 1998. It is one of the most popularly used functional programming languages.
F#
It targets the .NET Framework and supports both functional as well as imperative object-oriented programming. Don Syme at the Microsoft Research developed this language, which is now being developed at the Microsoft Developer Division. F Sharp, as it is called, will soon be integrated into the .NET Framework and Visual Studio.
Haskell
Named in honor of Haskell Curry, a logician, Haskell is a standardized purely functional language. It supports pattern matching, definable operators, single assignment, algebraic data types and recursive functions.
Joy
It is a purely functional language that is based on a composition of functions. Manfred von Thun of La Trobe University in Australia developed this language.
Kite
It came up in 2006 with a feature set consisting of a blend of object-oriented and functional programming features. It is a fast-running language. Interestingly, Kite uses the pipe character for functional calls rather than using the period or arrow characters in other languages.
ML
Robin Milner and his associates at the University of Edinburgh came up with ML in the 1970s. It is an impure functional language as it supports imperative programming. Standard ML is popular among compiler writers and is a modular, functional programming language. Alice is a dialect of Standard ML, which supports distributed computing, multithreading and constraint programming. Caml is another dialect of ML and is a statically typed language that supports automatic memory management. Ocaml is the implementation of Caml that is developed as an open source project. JoCaml is a version of Ocaml based on join-calculus.
Nemerle
It is a statically typed programming language that is designed for the .NET platform. Programs in Nemerle are compiled into an intermediate language bytecode. It supports functional, imperative and object-oriented programming.
OPAL
The name stands for Optimized Applicative Language and is a functional programming language developed at the Technical University of Berlin.
OPS5
It is a rule-based production system computer language that became the first language to be used in an expert system.
Q
It is called Q for being an equational programming language. It is an interpreted functional language that was designed by Albert Graf at the University of Mainz in Germany. It can be described as a set of equations used to evaluate expressions.
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Interpreted Programming
The programming languages that are implemented by means of an interpreter are known as interpreted languages. Interpreters execute the source code directly by translating the source code into an intermediate representation.
APL
It is an array programming language. It can work simultaneously on multiple arrays of data. It is interpretive, interactive and a functional programming language.
AutoIt
It is a freeware automation language for Microsoft Windows. It's main intent is to create automation scripts that can be used for the execution of certain repetitive tasks on Windows.
Basic
The name is short for Beginner's All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code. It was developed by John George Kemeny and Thomas Eugene Kurtz at Dartmouth in 1964. It was designed with intent of giving the non-science people an access to computers. It became popular in the 1970s and the 80s. Microsoft Visual Basic is based on Basic. Some dialects of BASIC are compiled computer languages.
Eiffel
It is an object-oriented programming language that is ISO-standardized and used to develop extensible and reusable software. It is a development platform for many industries such as finance, aerospace and video gaming. Sather is a computer programming language that was formerly based on Eiffel and has now evolved to include many functional programming features. Ubercode is a high-level platform-sharing language. Its design is derived from Eiffel and BASIC.
Forth
It is a structured imperative programming language, which bases its implementation on stacks. It supports an interactive execution of commands as well as the compilation of sequences of commands.
Frink
It was developed by Alan Eliasen and named after Professor John Frink, a popular fictional character. It is based on the Java Virtual Machine and focuses on science and engineering. Its striking feature is that it tracks the units of measure through all the calculations that enables quantities to contain their units of measure.
ICI
ICI is a general purpose interpreted computer programming language. It supports dynamic typing, flexible data types and other language constructs similar to C. It was designed by Tim Long in 1992.
J
Ken Iverson and Roger Hui developed this programming language that requires only the basic ASCII character set. It is an array programming language that works well with mathematical and statistical operations.
Lisp
It is the second-oldest high level computer programming language that has a fully parenthesized syntax. The name, Lisp is derived from 'List Processing Language'. One of the important data structures that Lisp supports is linked list. Lisp programs deal with source code as a data structure. Lush is an object-oriented form of the Lisp language. It can be used for network programming and administration tasks. Common Lisp, Dylan, Logo and Scheme are the dialects of Lisp. Common Lisp is a language specification. It supports multiple paradigms and is a general purpose programming language. Dylan is another multi-paradigm dialect of Lisp that supports both functional and object-oriented programming. Logo and Scheme support functional programming. Guy Steele and Gerald Jay Sussman developed Scheme as a multi-paradigm programming language. MultiLisp is a dialect of Scheme that supports parallel programming and shared memory.
Lua
Members of the Computer Graphics Technology Group developed Lua in 1993. It is an imperative and procedural programming language that was designed as a scripting language. It is known for being simple yet powerful.
>M
M is short for MUMPS, a programming language created for the health care industry. Neil Pappalardo, the founder of medical information technology and his associates developed the M language.
Pascal
It is a procedural programming language that was intended to use data structuring and structured programming. Niklaus Wirth, a Swiss computer scientist designed this language and it was named after Blaise Pascal, a French mathematician and philosopher. Object Pascal is a branch of the object-oriented derivatives of Pascal. It later came to be known as Delphi.
PCASTL
It is a high level language developed by Philippe Choquette and falls under the class of interpreted computer programming languages. It is specially designed for self-modifying code.
Perl
Perl is a high level interpreted programming language that supports dynamic programming. Larry Wall, a linguist who served as a systems administrator at NASA developed Perl. It provides the programmers with text processing facilities and has a blend of features adopted from various languages like C, Lisp and Awk.
PostScript
It is used in the desktop publishing field and is known as a page description language. It is a dynamically typed stack-based programming language developed by John Warnock, an American computer scientist and Charles Geschke, a notable figure in the field of computer science. These developers went on to found the very well-known company, Adobe Systems.
Python
It is a high-level programming language that supports imperative, object-oriented and functional programming paradigms. In its features like the dynamic type system and automatic memory management, it is similar to Perl. Originally released in 1991 by Guido van Rossum, a Dutch computer programmer, Python is an open community-based language whose development is managed by the Python Software Foundation.
REXX
Short for Restructured Extended Executor, REXX is an interpreted language developed by IBM. It was designed with an intent to be an easily learnable and readable language. CMS EXEC and EXEC 2 were the predecessors of REXX. NetRexx is the IBM's implementation of REXX that offers object-oriented programming. Object REXX is an object-oriented scripting language that is based on REXX.
Ruby
The efforts for developing this language initiated in Japan in the 1990s. Similar to Perl, it has a dynamic type system and an automatic memory management. It supports multiple programming paradigms and is a dynamic object-oriented language.
S-Lang
Originally developed as a stack-based language, S-Lang has evolved as a language similar to C. It was developed by John E. Davis.
Spin
It is a multitasking object-oriented programming language whose compiler converts the Spin code into bytecodes. Multiple Spin code threads can run at a time, thus enabling multitasking. Spin was developed by Chip Gracey of Parallax.
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Logic based Programming
Logic programming is the use of mathematical logic for computer programming. Logic-based programming languages specify the attributes for a solution and also the steps to arrive at the solution.
ALF
Algebraic Logic Functional Programming Language is a multi-paradigm programming language that is a combination of functional programming and logic programming. ALF program statements are compiled into instructions of an abstract machine. An emulator written in C executes the programs of the abstract machine.
Fril
Fril language was designed by Trevor Martin and Jim Baldwin at the University of Bristol in the 1980s. It is for first-order predicate calculus. It supports fuzzy sets and metaprogramming and is based on the Prolog syntax.
Janus
Janus supports concurrent and constraint programming.
Leda
This computer programming language is a blend of logic-based, functional, imperative and object-oriented programming. It is thus one of the multi-paradigm languages.
Oz
It is a multi-paradigm language that supports functional, logic-based, imperative and object-oriented programming. Oz also supports concurrent and distributed programming. Constraint programming that is supported by Oz is one of the strengths of this language.
Poplog
It is a powerful multi-paradigm software development environment whose core language is POP-11. All the languages of this development environment share a common language editor and are incrementally compiled programming languages.
Prolog
It is a general purpose programming language that supports logic programming and is often linked with artificial intelligence and computational linguistics. The language is declarative and the program logic is expressed in the form of relations. Mercury is a functional logic programming language that is based on Prolog. Strawberry Prolog is a dialect of Prolog, which is supposed to be easy to use. Visual Prolog is a strongly typed extension of Prolog that supports object-oriented programming. It is a compiled logic-based programming language.
ROOP
It is a multi-paradigm language that is built on C++. It is intended to be used with artificial intelligence systems. Its features offer a blend of procedural, logic-based and object-oriented programming.
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Markup Languages
A markup language is an artificial language that uses annotations to text that define how the text is to be displayed.
Curl
It is a reflective object-oriented programming language. It is a markup language similar to HTML. Curl is an object-oriented programming language supporting multiple inheritance.
SGML
Standardized General Markup Language (SGML) has descended from IBM's Generalized Markup Language. It is an ISO standard metalanguage that can define markup languages for documents. It was designed with an intent of sharing machine-readable documents of large projects that had to be retained for long years.
HTML
Hypertext Markup Language, abbreviated as HTML, is the most prominent markup language that is used for web pages. It is written in the form of HTML tags that are surrounded by angular brackets. HTML tags describe the appearance of the text in a document and can be embedded into certain other code to affect the web browser behavior. HTML uses the SGML default syntax.
XML
The name stands for Extensible Markup Language. It is extensible because it allows the users to define their own XML elements. It supports the sharing of structured data over the Internet and the encoding and serializing of data. It originated as a subset of SGML. XPath is the XML Path Language that is used to select nodes from an XML document. It supports the computation of values. XQuery is used to query the collections of XML data. Extensible Stylesheet Language Transformations (XSLT) is an XML-based language that is used for the transformation of XML documents into human-readable formats. Apache Ant is a tool for the automation of software build processes. It uses XML to describe the build processes.
XHTML
It is a markup language that is similar to HTML and follows the XML syntax. It is midway between HTML and XML. XHTML documents allow automated processing of data.
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Object Oriented Programmin
Object-oriented programming languages support the object-oriented programming techniques like encapsulation, abstraction, inheritance and polymorphism. Object-oriented programming makes use of classes, objects and the interaction between objects. Many computer programming languages of the present times support object-oriented programming. Some of the widely used programming languages that offer object-oriented programming features are C++, C#, Java, Perl 5, PHP, Python and Ruby. Look at the other object-oriented programming languages.
Agora
It is a prototype-based object-oriented programming language features message passing mechanisms.
BETA
It is an object-oriented programming language wherein classes and procedures revolve around the same concept and classes are defined as attributes of objects. It has strong abstraction mechanisms. BETA also supports nested classes.
Cecil
This object-oriented language was created by Craig Chambers at the University of Washington. It is similar to Objective-C and Modula-3.
Lava
Lava is a visual object-oriented interpreter-based programming language.
Lisaac
It was the first compiled object-oriented programming language that was based on prototype concepts. It also supports system programming.
MOO
It is a dynamically typed prototype based programming language that supports object-oriented programming. It supports exception handling mechanisms and looping constructs.
Moto
It is an open source server-side programming language that comes with state and session management objects and database connectivity.
Object-Z
It was developed at the University of Queensland, Australia. It extends the Z programming language by adding object-oriented features to it.
Obliq
It is an interpreted computer programming language that offers object-oriented programming features. It supports untyped variables and was designed for distributed and multithreaded computations.
Oxygene
Based on Object Pascal, Oxygene is an object-oriented programming language with a rich feature set. Previously, it was known as 'Chrome'.
Pliant
It is based on a dynamic compiler and comes with a unique ability of supporting low-level instruction lists as well as high-level expressions.
Prograph
It is a visual object-oriented multi-paradigm language that uses symbols to signify the actions to be performed on data.
REBOL
REBOL is the acronym given for Relative Expression Based Object Language. It is designed for use on distributed platforms and in network communications.
Scala
The name Scala stands for Scalable Language. It is a multi-paradigm programming language, which offers object-oriented and functional programming features.
Self
It is an object-oriented prototype-based computer programming language. NewtonScript is used to write programs for Apple Newton and is largely influenced by Self.
Slate
This object-oriented programming language that is based on the concept of prototypes. It derives some of its features from Smalltalk and some from the Self language. The Slate design is intended at providing the programmers with an operating system-like environment.
XOTcl
It is an object-oriented extension of the Tool Command Language that supports metaclasses and dynamic classes and methods.
IO
It is a pure object-oriented programming language having a prototype-based object model. It is small in size and can be executed on small portable virtual machines.
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Procedural Programming
Procedural programming is synonymous with imperative programming, which implies specifying the steps that the programs should take to reach to an intended state. It is a programming paradigm that involves procedure calls. A procedure is a group of statements that can be referenced through a procedure call. Procedures help in reuse of code. Procedural programming makes the programs structured and easily traceable for program flow.
Apart from the very well-known languages like COBOL, BASIC, Fortran, Ada, C, C++, C#, Visual Basic and Java, there are many other languages that follow procedural programming. Take a look at them.
Bliss
It is a system programming language and was one of the best-known languages of this type till C came up. W.A. Wolf, D. B. Russell and A. N. Habermann of the Carnegie Mellon University developed Bliss. It includes exception handling mechanisms, coroutines and macros while it excludes the goto statement.
ChucK
It is a concurrent and strongly timed audio programming language that runs on Mac OS X, Linux as well as Microsoft Windows. It is especially known for the ability it gives to the programmers to do some modifications even in the running programs.
CLIST
It is a procedural programming language in the form of a set of commands that need to be executed in a sequence like that of a batch file.
HyperTalk
It is a high-level programming language that was intended to be used by programmers at the beginner's level. The programmers of this computer language were known as authors and the act of writing programs was called scripting. HyperTalk was designed by Dan Winker in 1987. Structurally, it resembles Pascal.
Modula-2
It is a general purpose procedural language created in 1978 by Niklaus Wirth at ETH. It is similar to Pascal and has systems programming and multiprogramming features.
Oberon
Niklaus Wirth, the man behind Pascal and Modula came up with Oberon in 1986. It was designed as a part of the Oberon operating system. It is similar to Modula-2 but smaller than it.
Component Pascal
It is a programming language that seems to be related to Pascal, but is actually incompatible with it. It is actually a variant of Oberon-2. Lagoona is an experimental programming language that supports component-oriented programming, a paradigm of decomposing a system into logical or functional components. Michael Franz, a student of Niklaus Wirth developed Lagoona. Seneca, better known as Oberon-2 is an extension of the Oberon programming language.
MATLAB
It is a numerical computing environment and a programming language that enables matrix computations, function plotting and algorithm implementation. It can also be used for user interface creation. MathWorks created MATLAB.
Occam
It is an imperative procedural language that was developed by David May and his colleagues at INMOS. It is similar to Pascal. Occam-pi is a variant of Occam that has been extended to include nested protocols, recursion, protocol inheritance, array constructors and run-time process creation.
PL/C
It was developed for being used to teach programming. It was created at the Cornell University in the 1970s.
PL/I
It is an imperative computer programming language targeted at scientific and engineering applications. Mainly intended to perform data processing, it also supports structured programming and recursion.
Rapira
It is a procedural programming language that was used in teaching computer programming in Soviet schools. Developed in the USSR, initially this language had Russian-based keywords. English keywords were incorporated later.
RPG
This programming language is used for business applications. It is available with the IBM's System I midrange computers.
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Scripting Languages
Scripting languages are programming languages that control an application. Scripts can execute independent of any other application. They are mostly embedded in the application that they control and are used to automate frequently executed tasks like communicating with external programs.
AppleScript
It is a scripting language that is built into the Mac OS.
Awk
Awk was born in the Bell Labs in the 1970s. It is used for processing text-based data in data streams and files and uses the string datatype, arrays and regular expressions.
BeanShell
It is a java scripting language that is syntactically similar to Java and runs on the Java Runtime Environment along with scripting commands and syntax.
ColdFusion
It is an application server and software development framework that comes with an associated scripting language known as ColdFusion Markup Language. It is known as CFML and is similar to HTML in terms of its syntax.
ECMAScript
It is a scripting language from the Ecma International specification. It is widely used on the web. ActionScript that is used in the development of websites and database applications is based on ECMAScript. DMDScript scripting language is the Digital Mars ECMAScript engine. ECMAScript for XML extends ECMAScript by adding XML support to it. JavaScript is used for web development at the client's side. It is a weakly typed, prototype-based dynamic language. Jscript is another dialect of ECMAScript, which is Microsoft-based. Both these dialects are widely used in web development.
F-Script
It is an object-oriented scripting language that is closely similar to Smalltalk with an additional feature of array programming.
JASS
It is an event-driven scripting language that provides the programmers with an extensive API.
Maya Embedded Language
Abbreviated as MEL, it is a scripting language that is used to support tasks on the Maya software. Its syntax resembles that of Perl.
Mondrian
This scripting language is aimed for Internet use and is looked upon as being a combination of Haskell and Java.
PHP
PHP is one of the very popularly used general purpose scripting languages. It is developed for creating dynamic web pages and supports a command line interface capability.
Revolution
It is a rapid application development language that is based on HyperTalk. It is a cross-platform language that supports dynamic typing.
Tcl
It is a scripting language, which is believed to be easy to learn. It is used for rapid prototyping and has found utility in embedded systems.
VBScript
It is an active scripting language that Microsoft developed as a variation of Microsoft Visual Basic. VBScript is a default component with each of the Desktop releases of Microsoft Windows.
Windows PowerShell
It is Microsoft's command line shell and a scripting language. Released in 2006, it is available with Windows XP, Windows Vista as also with Windows Server 3003 and Windows Server 2008. It works in collaboration with Microsoft .NET Framework by means of executables, forms of standalone applications, regular .NET classes, cmdlets that are specialized .NET classes and scripts, the compositions of cmdlets and imperative logic.